PART I
準備工作
PART II
瞭解Windows 10安裝過程
PART III
製作自動安裝回應檔案
PART IV
如何使用
PART V
關閉[SMB 1.0/CIFS 檔案共用支援]功能
PART VI
使用DiskPart建立磁碟分割
PART VII
不要預留[保留的儲存空間]
PART VIII
指定電腦名稱與加入網域
PART IX 彈性搭配批次檔使用
PART Max
懶人包
如果想要開啟, 修改或關閉Windows 10大部分的功能或屬性, 通常可以透過DISM指令, 修改註冊機碼或是使用PowerShell等不同方法來達成.
要使用自動安裝回應檔案來完成上述目的, 可能寫法比較複雜或是無法做到, 這時就可以搭配批次檔處理比較複雜的設定任務.
首先要注意的事情是: 批次檔是在oobeSystem階段執行的, 也就是那時Windows 10基本上已經安裝完成了.
所以如果有些東西必須要在oobeSystem階段之前就完成的, 例如:
P4 不要預留[保留的儲存空間](要在specialize階段就設定好), 那就還是要透過自動安裝回應檔案來完成.
流程:
- autounattend.xml: 安裝Windows 10專業版
- autounattend.xml: 產生電腦名稱: ABCIT-XXXXXXXXX (X表示為隨機產生的字元)
- autounattend.xml: 停用[保留的儲存空間]
- autounattend.xml: 建立使用者: admin, 密碼: password
- autounattend.xml: 用admin帳號自動登入, 把中文輸入法的預設輸入模式改設為英數模式
- autounattend.xml: 執行MyPost.cmd
- MyPost.cmd: 停用[SMB 1.0/CIFS 檔案共用支援]功能
- MyPost.cmd: 詢問是否執行RenCompName.ps1, 等待100秒未回答則跳過不執行
- RenCompName.ps1: 等待輸入要變更的新名稱, 輸入完成並確定後更改為新的電腦名稱
- MyPost.cmd: 刪除%Systemroot%\Setup\Scripts裡面的所有檔案 (MyPost.cmd, RenCompName.ps1)
- autounattend.xml: 系統於180秒後重啟
自動安裝回應檔案(autounattend.xml)內容主要來自:
透過批次檔(MyPost.cmd)處理:
- P5: 改由呼叫PowerShell處理
- 輸入/更改電腦名稱: 呼叫PowerShell(RenCompName.ps1)處理
原理:
Windows 10安裝媒體/(ISO檔案裡)的 sources\$OEM$\$$\Setup\Script 目錄下的檔案,
在Windows安裝過程中會被複製到 %Systemroot%\Setup\Scripts 目錄 (通常是C:\Windows\Setup\Scripts)
利用自動安裝回應檔案autounattend.xml裡面的<AutoLogon><FirstLogonCommands><SynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">等設定去執行MyPost.cmd, 再進而執行RenCompName.ps1
使用方法:
- 檔案1. autounattend.xml
- 檔案2. MyPost.cmd
- 檔案3. RenCompName.ps1
- 把檔案1.autounattend.xml複製到Windows 10安裝媒體/(ISO檔案裡)的 根目錄
- 把檔案2.MyPost.cmd和檔案3.RenCompName.ps1複製到Windows 10安裝媒體/(ISO檔案裡)的 sources\$OEM$\$$\Setup\Scripts
- 因為檔案3.內有中文字元, 檔案編碼需要是UTF-16 LE/UCS-2 LE BOM顯示才不會亂碼
- 使用該安裝媒體安裝Windows 10
檔案1. autounattend.xml
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| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<unattend xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:unattend">
<!-- By Proliantaholic https://proliantaholic.blogspot.com -->
<settings pass="windowsPE">
<component name="Microsoft-Windows-International-Core-WinPE" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<SetupUILanguage>
<UILanguage>zh-TW</UILanguage>
</SetupUILanguage>
<InputLocale>zh-TW</InputLocale>
<SystemLocale>zh-TW</SystemLocale>
<UILanguage>zh-TW</UILanguage>
</component>
<component name="Microsoft-Windows-Setup" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<UserData>
<ProductKey>
<Key>W269N-WFGWX-YVC9B-4J6C9-T83GX</Key>
<WillShowUI>OnError</WillShowUI>
</ProductKey>
<AcceptEula>true</AcceptEula>
</UserData>
<DiskConfiguration>
<Disk wcm:action="add">
<CreatePartitions>
<CreatePartition wcm:action="add">
<Order>1</Order>
<Size>500</Size>
<Type>Primary</Type>
</CreatePartition>
<CreatePartition wcm:action="add">
<Extend>true</Extend>
<Order>2</Order>
<Type>Primary</Type>
</CreatePartition>
</CreatePartitions>
<ModifyPartitions>
<ModifyPartition wcm:action="add">
<Active>true</Active>
<Format>NTFS</Format>
<Label>System Reserved</Label>
<Order>1</Order>
<PartitionID>1</PartitionID>
</ModifyPartition>
<ModifyPartition wcm:action="add">
<Format>NTFS</Format>
<Letter>C</Letter>
<Order>2</Order>
<PartitionID>2</PartitionID>
</ModifyPartition>
</ModifyPartitions>
<DiskID>0</DiskID>
<WillWipeDisk>true</WillWipeDisk>
</Disk>
<WillShowUI>OnError</WillShowUI>
</DiskConfiguration>
<ImageInstall>
<OSImage>
<InstallFrom>
<MetaData wcm:action="add">
<Key>/IMAGE/DISPLAYNAME</Key>
<Value>Windows 10 專業版</Value>
</MetaData>
</InstallFrom>
<InstallTo>
<DiskID>0</DiskID>
<PartitionID>2</PartitionID>
</InstallTo>
</OSImage>
</ImageInstall>
</component>
</settings>
<settings pass="specialize">
<component name="Microsoft-Windows-Shell-Setup" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="NonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<RegisteredOwner>ABC</RegisteredOwner>
<RegisteredOrganization>IT</RegisteredOrganization>
<ComputerName>*</ComputerName>
</component>
<component name="Microsoft-Windows-Deployment" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<RunSynchronous>
<RunSynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
<Order>1</Order>
<Path>reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ReserveManager" /v ShippedWithReserves /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f</Path>
<Description>Disable reserved storage for Windows 10 1903 and later...</Description>
</RunSynchronousCommand>
</RunSynchronous>
</component>
</settings>
<settings pass="oobeSystem">
<component name="Microsoft-Windows-International-Core" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<InputLocale>zh-TW</InputLocale>
<SystemLocale>zh-TW</SystemLocale>
<UILanguage>zh-TW</UILanguage>
<UserLocale>zh-TW</UserLocale>
</component>
<component name="Microsoft-Windows-Shell-Setup" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<UserAccounts>
<LocalAccounts>
<LocalAccount wcm:action="add">
<Password>
<Value>cABhAHMAcwB3AG8AcgBkAFAAYQBzAHMAdwBvAHIAZAA=</Value>
<PlainText>false</PlainText>
</Password>
<Description>Administrative User</Description>
<DisplayName>admin</DisplayName>
<Group>Administrators</Group>
<Name>admin</Name>
</LocalAccount>
</LocalAccounts>
</UserAccounts>
<OOBE>
<ProtectYourPC>3</ProtectYourPC>
</OOBE>
<AutoLogon>
<Username>admin</Username>
<Password>
<Value>cABhAHMAcwB3AG8AcgBkAFAAYQBzAHMAdwBvAHIAZAA=</Value>
<PlainText>false</PlainText>
</Password>
<Enabled>true</Enabled>
<LogonCount>1</LogonCount>
</AutoLogon>
<FirstLogonCommands>
<SynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
<Order>1</Order>
<Description>Set Default Input Mode to Alphanumeric...</Description>
<CommandLine>reg add "HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\IME\15.0\IMETC" /v "Default Input Mode" /t REG_SZ /d "0x00000001" /f</CommandLine>
</SynchronousCommand>
<SynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
<Order>2</Order>
<Description>Post installation...</Description>
<CommandLine>cmd /c %WINDIR%\Setup\Scripts\MyPost.cmd</CommandLine>
</SynchronousCommand>
<SynchronousCommand wcm:action="add">
<Order>3</Order>
<Description>Reboot...</Description>
<CommandLine>cmd /c Shutdown -r -f -t 180</CommandLine>
</SynchronousCommand>
</FirstLogonCommands>
</component>
</settings>
</unattend>
|
檔案2. MyPost.cmd
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| @echo off
REM ###########################################################
REM # By Proliantaholic https://proliantaholic.blogspot.com #
REM ###########################################################
Echo Turn off SMB 1.0/CIFS File Sharing Support...
powershell -Command "Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName smb1protocol -NoRestart >$null 2>&1"
Echo Done.
Echo.
REM Timeout in seconds
set /A timeout=100
CHOICE /T %timeout% /C YN /D N /M "Change Computer Name? (will be skipped in %timeout% seconds)"
if %ERRORLEVEL%==2 Echo Skipped&goto :RenCompNameDone
powershell -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -File %WINDIR%\Setup\Scripts\RenCompName.ps1
control /name microsoft.system
:RenCompNameDone
Echo Done.
pause
cd /d %~dp0
attrib -R -A -S -H *.*
RMDIR /S /Q %Systemroot%\Setup\Scripts
|
檔案3. RenCompName.ps1
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| ###########################################################
# By Proliantaholic https://proliantaholic.blogspot.com #
###########################################################
Write-Host "目前電腦名稱:" $env:computername
$NewComputerName = Read-Host -Prompt "輸入新的電腦名稱"
$go = Read-Host -Prompt "確定要更改電腦名稱? (Y/N)"
if (($go -eq "Y") -or ($go -eq "y")) {
Rename-Computer -NewName $NewComputerName -PassThru
}
|
以上檔案使用Windows 10(版本 1909/19H2)繁體中文專業版安裝測試過
怕檔案編碼會搞錯的: 請
按此下載
後記:
- 個人認為使用自動安裝回應檔案的目的, 主要是希望能不要人為介入(輸入)就能自動裝完, 請依據實際狀況彈性調整回應檔跟批次處理的寫法.
- <AutoLogon><LogonCount>有個已知的問題, 就是會多AutoLogon一次. Windows 10才有此問題, Windows Server 2016/2019並不會多自動登入一次. 所以此篇的回應檔寫法, 雖然LogonCount為1, 在更改電腦名稱重啟後, 還是會再多自動登入到桌面一次(不用另外鍵入密碼). 要避免多自動登入一次的方法請參考: LogonCount
繼續閱讀:
PART Max 懶人包
